Editorial Style Guide

Boilerplate

1.1. Our standard boilerplate appears at the end of news releases and other official documents, providing readers with basic details about UWinnipeg's values. When space is limited, please feel free to use the short form version. If you require more information or statistics about the University, refer toUWinnipeg Fast Facts.

Standard boilerplate: UWinnipeg is noted for academic excellence, Indigenous inclusion, environmental commitment, small class sizes, and celebrating diversity. UWinnipeg is committed to improving access to post-secondary education for all individuals, especially those taking non-traditional paths to university.

Short-form: UWinnipeg is noted for academic excellence, Indigenous inclusion, environmental commitment, small class sizes, and celebrating diversity.

Abbreviations

1.2. Short form for The University of Winnipeg is “UWinnipeg” (not “the UWinnipeg”). It should be used in consideration of length, tone, repetition, and once the full name has been used first in more formal documents.

1.3. The abbreviation “U of W” should be avoided (although it is favoured by local media and used by many as verbal shorthand); in cases where space is so limited that “UWinnipeg” will not fit, default to “UW."

1.4。“温尼伯大学大学”的简短形式是“大学”或亚愽国际app下载“ UWC”，用于考虑长度，重复和背景。

1.5. The abbreviation for Professional, Applied and Continuing Education is “PACE” and should be written without periods. The full name does not have an Oxford comma.

1.6. Strive to use the full formal name of locations and institutional entities in formal communications — particularly event invitations, agendas, and programs. For example, instead of saying the gym in Duckworth, say: David F. Anderson Gymnasium.

Spelling

2.1.使用加拿大牛津大学Dictionary as its spelling authority. An e-book of this resource can be accessed through温尼伯大亚愽国际app下载学Library.

2.2. “Honorary” is always spelled without a “u”: honorary degree.

2.3. UWinnipeg style is normally Canadian/British spelling: -our, (not -or) for labour, honour, and other such words. When in doubt, use the Canadian/British spelling of a word. Use the Canadian/British spelling (single “l”) for the words “enrol” and “enrolment,” which still correlate with “enrolled” and “enrolling.”

2.4. Spell “counsellor” with double “l.”

2.5. It is preferred to use “and” rather than an ampersand in departmental names and most formal text. Exceptions may be made when spacing or character limit is an issue, and in less formal contexts.

2.6. Use the accented é in the word Métis, except when referring to the Manitoba Metis Federation (MMF) for consistency with the organization’s preferred spelling. (Press “Alt” and enter “0233” to insert the accented é.)

Punctuation

2.7.如果一个标题直接在名称和used as a title, rather than as an occupation, use no comma to separate it from the person (ie: Assistant Professor John Doe). If the title/occupation follows the name, use commas around it (John Doe, assistant professor).

2.8. Use the serial (Oxford) comma as a rule, not just for clarity. Make exceptions for established organizational names that do not use it.

2.9. Follow the American style of punctuation placement with respect to quotation marks:

• Periods and commas always inside the parentheses
• Colons, semi-colons, and dashes always outside the parentheses
• Question marks and exclamation marks go inside parentheses if part of a direct quote, otherwise outside

Plural and Possessive

2.10. Usually, numbers, words, and letters that are used as words are pluralized by adding only “s” — no apostrophe: (“Harry loves music from the 1960s” or “Sally has two PhDs: one in English and one in History”).

2.11. Graduates may be referred to as alumna, alumnae, alumnus, or alumni:

• 校友=一名女性毕业生
• alumnae = more than one female graduate
• alumnus = one male graduate
• alumni = a group of male or a mixed group of male and female graduates

2.12. Even if the singular noun ends in “s,” make it possessive by adding
apostrophe “s”: (“James’s lecture begins in an hour”).

2.13. For singular and plural nouns not ending in “s,” add an apostrophe and an
“s” to form the possessive case: (father’s pipe, Women’s Auxiliary.)

2.14. Plural nouns ending in “s” or “es” take the apostrophe alone: (“The University of Winnipeg Students’ Association is hosting a party”). When an organization’s name deviates from this rule, defer to their practice as a courtesy: (“She is a member of the Criminal Justice Students Association.”).

Dashes/ Hyphenation

2.15. Place one space on either side of the em dash: (“In the last century — when Johnson was a child — large families were common”).

2.16。使用en dash进行数字跨度，并在破折号的任一侧都有空间：（“班级有18-20名学生的空间”）。

2.17. Remember to hyphenate compound adjectives that come before a noun such as “five-year-old girl,” “full-time student,” and “easy-to-follow directions.”

2.18.连字符off-campus and on-campus when used as adjectives preceding a noun. (ie: The off-campus event was open to all students.) Do not hyphenate when used as a preposition and noun. (ie: The event was held on campus). The same rule applies when referring to on- and off-campus campus events or events held on and off campus).

2.19.连字符part time when this term precedes the noun; do not hyphenate when it follows.(She has a part-time job. She attends school part time.)

大写

3.1. In general usage, academic subjects should be listed in lower case, unless the subject is also a language: “She is majoring in geography. He enjoys his mathematics course. He is an English literature major.”

3.2. Do capitalize specific courses: “I’m taking Psychology 104.”

3.3。当受试者的正式名称，课程或计划标题描述时，应大写，但在参考为非正式或复数时小写。例如：她在地理系任教。他咨询了地理部门。在某些情况下，当明显的参考是指教师或部门时，使用较短的表格可以使您简洁明了，可以将资本化的教职员工，学术计划，部门和团体/单位的名称化。

3.4. The word “Faculty” should have an initial cap when referring to the academic entity (“Faculty of Science” or “Each Faculty took part in the presentation”) but lowercase when referring to academic staff (“Please invite faculty and staff to the meeting.”).

3.5. In posters, advertisements and other marketing-focused documents, capitalize each word in a headline or subheading of with the following exceptions: a, an, the, at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up, and, as, but, or, and nor.

3.6。避免用大写文本写的单词避免写作，这可能很难阅读，并且可以被认为是大喊大叫。

3.7 Capitalize the proper names of nationalities, peoples, races, ethnicities, and communities. (ie: Black, Caucasian, Chinese, Cree, French-Canadian, Indigenous, Inuit, Jewish, Métis et al.)

3.8. Use uppercase when referring to a specific credential, lowercase when the reference is general. Abbreviate degrees without periods:

• 文学学士学位（BA），刑事司法学士学位
• Bachelor of Arts Honours degree [BA(Hons)]
• Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA)
• 教育学士(床)
• Bachelor of Laws (LLB)
• Bachelor of Science (BSc)
• Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
• 艺术大师（马）
• Master of Science (MSc), a master’s degree in computer science

3.9. Master’s degree always has an apostrophe, though the program name itself is singular: “If you complete the Master of Arts program, you will receive a master’s degree.” (exception: Master’s of Development Practice, which includes an apostrophe in the program name).

3.10. When referencing an alumnus/alumna, try to include the graduate’s degree in abbreviated form with year of graduation using the last two digits, without apostrophe: “Anita Drinck (BA 92) was recently appointed to the Board of Regents.”

Buildings

3.11. When referring to named spaces, strive to use the formal name of locations and institutional entities in communications, particularly event invitations, agendas, and programs:

• Annabelle and Herb Mays Education Commons
• Ashdown Hall
• Asper Centre for Theatre and Film
• Axworthy Health & RecPlex
• Buhler Centre
• Bulman Student Centre
• 卡尔·里德保护区
• 百年大厅
• CN Indigenous Resource Centre
• Dr. David F. Anderson Gymnasium
• Eckhardt-Gramatté Hall
• 古普塔运动学和应用健康学院
• Helen Betty Osborne Building
• Leatherdale Hall
• Manitoba Hall Boardroom
• Portage Commons
• Power Corporation Atrium
• Rice Centre
• Richardson College for the Environment and Science Complex
• Riddell Hall
• Sparling Hall
• Thomas Sill Community Multi-Purpose Room
• Wesley Hall
• Wii Chiiwaakanak学习中心

Titles and Honorifics

3.12. Formal titles directly preceding a name are capitalized: Prime Minister Justin Trudeau; UWinnipeg President Annette Trimbee; Professor Joe Smith. They are lowercase standing alone, when it follows the name, and in plural uses: the prime minister; Joe Smith, physics professor; presidents Annette Trimbee and David Barnard.

3.13. Job titles following a name may be capitalized in more formal contexts — as is the case on stationery, in event programs and listings, advertisements, or on an invitation in which the person is noted.

3.14. Always capitalize these University titles, regardless of context: President and Vice-Chancellor, Chancellor, Dean.

3.15. In articles or citations, use an honorific such as “Dr.” only in the first reference and/or heading.

3.16。使用名字和姓氏的首次识别。在诸如媒体版本和文章之类的正式背景下，在第二及以后的参考文献中使用姓氏：“玛格丽特·阿特伍德的自然图像在她最新小说的第二章中非常明显。阿特伍德使用这种类型的图像来强调人们与土地之间的联系。”

3.17. Use of the first name for subsequent references is suitable in less formal contexts, such as internal messages when there is collegial familiarity with the subject: “John Johnson has retired from the University. We are grateful to John for all of his work.” Use of first name is suitable in articles and citations when there is a desire to convey informality.

3.18. Capitalize all proper names, trade names, names of departments and agencies of national and provincial governments, names of associations, companies, clubs, religions, languages, nations, ethnicities, places, and addresses

University-specific capitalization

3.19.用大写“T”,但在“联合国小写字母“o”iversity of Winnipeg” even when it appears in the middle of a sentence.

3.20。当一般的大学提及大学时，不要大写“ U” ：（“加拿大大学有数十个”）；当专门提及温尼伯大学并理解上下文时，将“ U”资本化：（“此政策影响校亚愽国际app下载园的所有大学部门”）。

3.21 Use lower case 'a' and 'k' for aabijijiwan New Media Lab and kishaadigeh Collaborative Research Centre.

Headlines

4.8. Write headlines for brevity but not at the expense of usefulness or
description.

4.9. Use sentence case for headings in articles and news releases, capitalizing proper nouns. Do the same for photo captions.

Attributing quotes

4.10. Ensure consistency of tense, when attributing quotes within a story and across a document.

4.11。通常，在故事中归因于故事时，请使用过去时，因为这更精确：“在这种情况下，过去时态在技术上更为精确，”他说。

4.12. Strive for simplicity when choosing attributive adjectives, to minimize distraction. Default to “said” in most formal contexts such as announcements, media releases, and citations. Alternatives to “said” may be used to avoid excessive repetition.

Times and Dates

4.13. Times should be written in full, including the suffix in lowercase (no periods) preceded by a space, when the time appears in body text of most materials: “The event begins at 7:00 pm.” — however the suffix can be made uppercase as a stylistic choice in graphic designed materials.

4.14. Spans of time should be separated by an en dash, and written in full. A suffix should be included, but not repeated: “11:30 am – 1:45 pm” OR “9:15 – 10:45 am”

4.15。请勿在日期数字上使用后缀：“ 2017年1月1日”不是“ 2017年1月1日”。

4.16. Spell out the entire month unless space will not permit.

4.17. A comma is not used when citing month and year only: “February 2017.”

4.18. It is preferred that the names of seasons (spring, fall, etc.) not be capitalized: “Registration for spring term has begun.” Specific University events, however, may be capitalized: “Join us for Spring Convocation.”

4.19. Use “fall” to describe the season between summer and winter in all cases (“back to school in the fall” or “the fall term”) with the exception of “autumn” in reference to convocation.

联系信息rmation

4.20. Phone and fax numbers should appear without brackets and with periods, not hyphens: “204.786.9381.”

4.21。只要有可能，应提供电子邮件联系人以及电话号码，并由双方的垂直栏分开：204.786.9381。”

4.22。大学的网站地址或Uwinnipeg网页上的快捷方式应出现在所有印刷文档上，在这里可以合理地出现。不需要使用Web前缀（http：//或www），因为它们不需要：“ uwinnipeg.ca/convocation。”

4.23. Use web shortcuts wherever possible; if it does not exist, seek to create one rather than including a long and cumbersome URL.

4.24. Use the hashtag #UWinnipeg to identify the University in social media posts.

Emphasis

4.25. Italicize titles of compositions, including books, movies, operas, plays, TV programs, and songs. If the reference occurs in a block of text that is already italicized for general emphasis, use quotation marks around the composition.

4.26. Avoid overuse of bold text for emphasis, as multiple bold references in a single block of text can be both distracting and defeat the purpose of using bold for specific emphasis in the first place.

Links

5.1 On web pages (and in electronic documents), hide the URL by making body text clickable.

5.2。在链接到非HTML内容时，请指示文件类型中的方括号中的文件类型，以及文件大小：“停车图[PDF：7.1 KB]。

5.3. Rather than link the words “click here,” strive to make clickable text meaningful and descriptive.

Text

5.4.从最重要的信息开始您的内容，然后直接。当人们扫描网页时，它们倾向于从左上角开始，并向右扫描。当他们向下移动页面时，他们越来越少地向右扫描。

5.5。用简单的语言编写，以确保您的信息可读且可访问。这并不意味着过度简化或遗漏了重要细节。使用普通语言有助于增加人们从任何设备中找到，阅读和理解您的信息的机会。

5.6。尝试将带有子标题的网页上的长块分解。

5.7. Avoid using underlines for emphasis on web pages so the text will not be confused with a hyperlink.

5.8. When writing web content, do not use all caps as words written in uppercase text can be difficult to read and can be perceived as electronic yelling.

5.9.网页上显示元数据时,indicate the appropriate currency: “The conference fee is $250 CDN.” If there are multiple figures, it may be cleaner and/or more expedient to include a blanket statement: “All prices are listed in Canadian dollars.”

It is important to think carefully when identifying age, colour, creed, nationality, personal appearance, religion, sex and disabilities. Do not presume identities. If unsure, ask how a person identifies, and which pronouns they use.

Indigenous people

(source:Style Guide for Reporting on Indigenous People)

6.1. Indigenous is preferred over the term Aboriginal.

6.2. Whenever possible, be specific about the group, people or community, and defer to the community or individual(s) on how they prefer to be identified. In all instances, capitalize.

6.3. Métis is a nation-specific term connected to Indigenous people in the historic Métis Homeland, which includes Saskatchewan, Alberta, Manitoba, and extends into Ontario, British Columbia, the Northwest Territories and the northern United States.

6.4. Métis should only be used in circumstances where individuals and communities use the term “Métis” themselves.

6.5. Do not use Métis to refer to mixed-descent individuals, as there are many First Nations people who have some non- First Nations ancestry, but are members of First Nations communities. Use Métis to refer to those who identify as Métis and belong to Métis communities. Métis is best understood as a communal identity, and not for describing mixed-descent individuals.

6.6. First Nations people are the largest Indigenous group in Canada. There are 618 First Nations recognized by the Canadian government. Use First Nation or community instead of “reserve,” unless the story is specifically about the tract of land allocated to a First Nation.

6.7。因纽特人意味着人们使用Inuktitut语言，而Inuk表示人。不要使用“因纽特人”，因为它是多余的。作为形容词，在描述一个人时使用inuk（即“ Inuk Doctor”），但如果描述多个以上（即“三名因纽特人的医生”），请使用Inuit。因纽特人可以使用其他所有东西的形容词（例如“因纽特人鼓，因纽特人社区”）。亚愽娱乐app许多因纽特人更喜欢被称为因纽特人而不是土著。

6.8. Two-Spirit is a contemporary, pan-Indigenous term specific to the Indigenous LGBT2QQIA (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, Two-Spirit, queer, questioning, intersexual, asexual) community. Not all Indigenous people that fall within the LGBT2QQIA spectrum identify as Two-Spirit, and Two-Spirit people also hold multiple identities.

6.9.Land acknowledgements are an opportunity to create awareness and understanding with respect to our commitment to reconciliation. VisitIndigenous UWinnipeg指导。

Nationality, race and ethnicity

6.10. People should only be identified by race, colour, or nationality when it is truly pertinent.

6.11. Capitalize the proper names of nationalities, peoples, races, ethnicities, and communities. (ie: Black, Caucasian, Chinese, Cree, French-Canadian, Indigenous, Inuit, Jewish, Métis et al.

6.12. Always check with the person for how they identify.

2SLGBTQ+

6.13. The acronym 2SLGBTQ+ represents the community of identities that includes Two-Spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer. That said, if a person prefers a different acronym or identifier, use that.

6.14。除非与内容相关，否则不应提及一个人的性取向和性别认同。

6.15。使用性别中立语言：“椅子”，而不是“主席”等。使用“他们”，“他们”或“他们”作为单数代词是可以接受的。

6.16. Gay and lesbian are the preferred terms to describe people attracted to the same sex; homosexual is considered offensive by some.

6.17. Transgender is an umbrella term for people whose gender identity and/or gender expression differs from what is typically associated with the sex they were assigned at birth. It includes people who identify as non-binary.

6.18. Two-spirit is appropriate only for Indigenous people who identify as such.

Sexism

6.19. Treat the sexes equally and without stereotyping.

6.20. Never assume that a family of four is a man, a woman, and two children.

6.21. Never assume that a couple is a man and a woman.

6.22. Use gender-neutral language: "police officer" or "constable" instead of "policeman", "firefighter" instead of "fireman", "mail carrier" instead of "mailman", "flight attendant" instead of "stewardess", etc.

6.23。他们（他们，他们）的使用是他（他，他）和她（她，她）的可接受的选择。

Disabilities

6.24. A disability or illness should only be mentioned if it is pertinent to the story.

6.25. There are some terms that might be used in the scientific community that are not acceptable in casual use, include these terms only when required for accuracy.

6.26. Be sure to emphasize abilities not limitations, e.g., "uses a wheelchair" instead of "wheelchair bound."

6.27. Don't define people by their disability and don't use a disability as a label or an adjective, e.g., "a person with parapalegia" instead of "a parapalegic." Check with the person for how they identify.

有用的网址

7.1. Helpful links for writing and editing web content and other documents:

• Hemingway Editorallows you to copy and paste content to identify common errors.
• 指的是Plain Language Checklistto ensure your writing is clear and concise.
• FollowingPoynter's Step-by-Step Editing Processto ensure accurate, polished content.

7.2。遵循这些宝贵的资源将有助于确保清晰，一致的沟通：

• Canadian Press Stylebook
• 加拿大新闻帽和拼写
• Canadian Oxford Dictionary
• 风格的元素，曲折和白色